[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":3557},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fadding-dry-run-and-confirmation-to-destructive-commands\u002F":3,"content-directory":3010},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"date":2995,"description":2996,"difficulty":2997,"draft":2998,"extension":2999,"meta":3000,"navigation":135,"path":3001,"seo":3002,"stem":3003,"tags":3004,"updated":2995,"__hash__":3009},"content\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fadding-dry-run-and-confirmation-to-destructive-commands\u002Findex.md","Adding Dry-Run and Confirmation to Destructive Commands",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":2975},"minimark",[9,45,50,65,69,73,87,91,94,880,1857,1862,1876,1885,1888,1894,1904,1910,1914,1925,2133,2143,2147,2150,2198,2202,2208,2856,2863,2867,2876,2880,2887,2898,2902,2905,2912,2925,2929,2935,2939,2971],[10,11,12,13,17,18,21,22,25,26,29,30,34,35,38,39,44],"p",{},"Every team has the story: someone ran the cleanup command with the wrong flag, or in the terminal that was pointed at production, and it did exactly what it was told. Commands that delete, overwrite, deploy, migrate or bulk-update deserve a different design from commands that read, because their mistakes are expensive and often irreversible. The good news is that one small pattern covers nearly all of them: ",[14,15,16],"strong",{},"plan"," the changes without making any, ",[14,19,20],{},"show"," the plan, ",[14,23,24],{},"confirm"," with the person running it, and ",[14,27,28],{},"apply"," exactly the plan that was shown. ",[31,32,33],"code",{},"--dry-run"," stops after showing, ",[31,36,37],{},"--yes"," skips the question for automation, and a missing terminal never silently counts as \"yes\". This guide implements that pattern in a Typer command, adds stronger confirmation for high-risk targets, and tests every path. It belongs to the ",[40,41,43],"a",{"href":42},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002F","designing CLI interfaces and conventions topic",".",[46,47,49],"h2",{"id":48},"prerequisites","Prerequisites",[51,52,53,57],"ul",{},[54,55,56],"li",{},"A Typer or Click CLI with at least one command that changes or deletes something.",[54,58,59,60,64],{},"The ability to compute what a command ",[61,62,63],"em",{},"would"," do without doing it. If your current code interleaves deciding and acting, the first step below is to separate them.",[46,66,68],{"id":67},"the-pattern","The pattern",[70,71],"inline-diagram",{"name":72},"dr-plan-apply",[10,74,75,76,79,80,83,84,86],{},"The most important design decision is that ",[14,77,78],{},"the dry run and the real run share one planning function",". A dry run implemented as a separate code path — ",[31,81,82],{},"if dry_run: print(\"would delete ...\")"," sprinkled through the command — drifts from reality the first time someone changes one branch and not the other, and a preview that lies is worse than none. When both modes compute the same plan object and only the real run passes it to ",[31,85,28],{},", the preview is correct by construction.",[46,88,90],{"id":89},"the-recipe","The recipe",[10,92,93],{},"The example prunes old build artefacts. The domain logic returns a plan; the command decides whether to show it, ask about it, or apply it.",[95,96,101],"pre",{"className":97,"code":98,"language":99,"meta":100,"style":100},"language-python shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","# src\u002Fmytool\u002Fprune.py\nfrom __future__ import annotations\n\nimport re\nimport shutil\nimport time\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass, field\nfrom pathlib import Path\n\nUNITS = {\"m\": 60, \"h\": 3600, \"d\": 86400}\n\n\ndef parse_age(text: str) -> float:\n    m = re.fullmatch(r\"(\\d+)([mhd])\", text.strip())\n    if not m:\n        raise ValueError(f\"invalid duration {text!r}; use e.g. 30d, 12h, 90m\")\n    return int(m[1]) * UNITS[m[2]]\n\n\n@dataclass(frozen=True)\nclass Deletion:\n    path: Path\n    age_days: float\n    size: int\n\n\n@dataclass\nclass Plan:\n    deletions: list[Deletion] = field(default_factory=list)\n\n    @property\n    def total_size(self) -> int:\n        return sum(d.size for d in self.deletions)\n\n    def __bool__(self) -> bool:\n        return bool(self.deletions)\n\n\ndef _size(path: Path) -> int:\n    return sum(f.stat().st_size for f in path.rglob(\"*\") if f.is_file())\n\n\ndef plan_prune(root: Path, older_than: float, now: float | None = None) -> Plan:\n    \"\"\"Decide what to delete. Pure with respect to the filesystem: reads only.\"\"\"\n    now = now if now is not None else time.time()\n    plan = Plan()\n    for build in sorted(p for p in root.iterdir() if p.is_dir()):\n        age = now - build.stat().st_mtime\n        if age > older_than:\n            plan.deletions.append(Deletion(build, age \u002F 86400, _size(build)))\n    return plan\n\n\ndef apply_prune(plan: Plan) -> int:\n    \"\"\"Carry out exactly the plan that was shown.\"\"\"\n    for d in plan.deletions:\n        shutil.rmtree(d.path)\n    return len(plan.deletions)\n","python","",[31,102,103,112,130,137,146,154,162,175,188,193,239,244,249,274,306,318,354,387,392,397,416,427,433,442,451,456,461,467,477,498,503,512,529,556,561,576,591,596,601,616,648,653,658,689,695,723,734,766,782,797,812,820,825,830,845,851,863,869],{"__ignoreMap":100},[104,105,108],"span",{"class":106,"line":107},"line",1,[104,109,111],{"class":110},"sJ8bj","# src\u002Fmytool\u002Fprune.py\n",[104,113,115,119,123,126],{"class":106,"line":114},2,[104,116,118],{"class":117},"szBVR","from",[104,120,122],{"class":121},"sj4cs"," __future__",[104,124,125],{"class":117}," import",[104,127,129],{"class":128},"sVt8B"," annotations\n",[104,131,133],{"class":106,"line":132},3,[104,134,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},true,"\n",[104,138,140,143],{"class":106,"line":139},4,[104,141,142],{"class":117},"import",[104,144,145],{"class":128}," re\n",[104,147,149,151],{"class":106,"line":148},5,[104,150,142],{"class":117},[104,152,153],{"class":128}," shutil\n",[104,155,157,159],{"class":106,"line":156},6,[104,158,142],{"class":117},[104,160,161],{"class":128}," time\n",[104,163,165,167,170,172],{"class":106,"line":164},7,[104,166,118],{"class":117},[104,168,169],{"class":128}," dataclasses ",[104,171,142],{"class":117},[104,173,174],{"class":128}," dataclass, field\n",[104,176,178,180,183,185],{"class":106,"line":177},8,[104,179,118],{"class":117},[104,181,182],{"class":128}," pathlib ",[104,184,142],{"class":117},[104,186,187],{"class":128}," Path\n",[104,189,191],{"class":106,"line":190},9,[104,192,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,194,196,199,202,205,209,212,215,218,221,223,226,228,231,233,236],{"class":106,"line":195},10,[104,197,198],{"class":121},"UNITS",[104,200,201],{"class":117}," =",[104,203,204],{"class":128}," {",[104,206,208],{"class":207},"sZZnC","\"m\"",[104,210,211],{"class":128},": ",[104,213,214],{"class":121},"60",[104,216,217],{"class":128},", ",[104,219,220],{"class":207},"\"h\"",[104,222,211],{"class":128},[104,224,225],{"class":121},"3600",[104,227,217],{"class":128},[104,229,230],{"class":207},"\"d\"",[104,232,211],{"class":128},[104,234,235],{"class":121},"86400",[104,237,238],{"class":128},"}\n",[104,240,242],{"class":106,"line":241},11,[104,243,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,245,247],{"class":106,"line":246},12,[104,248,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,250,252,255,259,262,265,268,271],{"class":106,"line":251},13,[104,253,254],{"class":117},"def",[104,256,258],{"class":257},"sScJk"," parse_age",[104,260,261],{"class":128},"(text: ",[104,263,264],{"class":121},"str",[104,266,267],{"class":128},") -> ",[104,269,270],{"class":121},"float",[104,272,273],{"class":128},":\n",[104,275,277,280,283,286,289,292,295,298,301,303],{"class":106,"line":276},14,[104,278,279],{"class":128},"    m ",[104,281,282],{"class":117},"=",[104,284,285],{"class":128}," re.fullmatch(",[104,287,288],{"class":117},"r",[104,290,291],{"class":207},"\"",[104,293,294],{"class":121},"(\\d",[104,296,297],{"class":117},"+",[104,299,300],{"class":121},")([mhd])",[104,302,291],{"class":207},[104,304,305],{"class":128},", text.strip())\n",[104,307,309,312,315],{"class":106,"line":308},15,[104,310,311],{"class":117},"    if",[104,313,314],{"class":117}," not",[104,316,317],{"class":128}," m:\n",[104,319,321,324,327,330,333,336,339,342,345,348,351],{"class":106,"line":320},16,[104,322,323],{"class":117},"        raise",[104,325,326],{"class":121}," ValueError",[104,328,329],{"class":128},"(",[104,331,332],{"class":117},"f",[104,334,335],{"class":207},"\"invalid duration ",[104,337,338],{"class":121},"{",[104,340,341],{"class":128},"text",[104,343,344],{"class":117},"!r",[104,346,347],{"class":121},"}",[104,349,350],{"class":207},"; use e.g. 30d, 12h, 90m\"",[104,352,353],{"class":128},")\n",[104,355,357,360,363,366,369,372,375,378,381,384],{"class":106,"line":356},17,[104,358,359],{"class":117},"    return",[104,361,362],{"class":121}," int",[104,364,365],{"class":128},"(m[",[104,367,368],{"class":121},"1",[104,370,371],{"class":128},"]) ",[104,373,374],{"class":117},"*",[104,376,377],{"class":121}," UNITS",[104,379,380],{"class":128},"[m[",[104,382,383],{"class":121},"2",[104,385,386],{"class":128},"]]\n",[104,388,390],{"class":106,"line":389},18,[104,391,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,393,395],{"class":106,"line":394},19,[104,396,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,398,400,403,405,409,411,414],{"class":106,"line":399},20,[104,401,402],{"class":257},"@dataclass",[104,404,329],{"class":128},[104,406,408],{"class":407},"s4XuR","frozen",[104,410,282],{"class":117},[104,412,413],{"class":121},"True",[104,415,353],{"class":128},[104,417,419,422,425],{"class":106,"line":418},21,[104,420,421],{"class":117},"class",[104,423,424],{"class":257}," Deletion",[104,426,273],{"class":128},[104,428,430],{"class":106,"line":429},22,[104,431,432],{"class":128},"    path: Path\n",[104,434,436,439],{"class":106,"line":435},23,[104,437,438],{"class":128},"    age_days: ",[104,440,441],{"class":121},"float\n",[104,443,445,448],{"class":106,"line":444},24,[104,446,447],{"class":128},"    size: ",[104,449,450],{"class":121},"int\n",[104,452,454],{"class":106,"line":453},25,[104,455,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,457,459],{"class":106,"line":458},26,[104,460,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,462,464],{"class":106,"line":463},27,[104,465,466],{"class":257},"@dataclass\n",[104,468,470,472,475],{"class":106,"line":469},28,[104,471,421],{"class":117},[104,473,474],{"class":257}," Plan",[104,476,273],{"class":128},[104,478,480,483,485,488,491,493,496],{"class":106,"line":479},29,[104,481,482],{"class":128},"    deletions: list[Deletion] ",[104,484,282],{"class":117},[104,486,487],{"class":128}," field(",[104,489,490],{"class":407},"default_factory",[104,492,282],{"class":117},[104,494,495],{"class":121},"list",[104,497,353],{"class":128},[104,499,501],{"class":106,"line":500},30,[104,502,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,504,506,509],{"class":106,"line":505},31,[104,507,508],{"class":257},"    @",[104,510,511],{"class":121},"property\n",[104,513,515,518,521,524,527],{"class":106,"line":514},32,[104,516,517],{"class":117},"    def",[104,519,520],{"class":257}," total_size",[104,522,523],{"class":128},"(self) -> ",[104,525,526],{"class":121},"int",[104,528,273],{"class":128},[104,530,532,535,538,541,544,547,550,553],{"class":106,"line":531},33,[104,533,534],{"class":117},"        return",[104,536,537],{"class":121}," sum",[104,539,540],{"class":128},"(d.size ",[104,542,543],{"class":117},"for",[104,545,546],{"class":128}," d ",[104,548,549],{"class":117},"in",[104,551,552],{"class":121}," self",[104,554,555],{"class":128},".deletions)\n",[104,557,559],{"class":106,"line":558},34,[104,560,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,562,564,566,569,571,574],{"class":106,"line":563},35,[104,565,517],{"class":117},[104,567,568],{"class":121}," __bool__",[104,570,523],{"class":128},[104,572,573],{"class":121},"bool",[104,575,273],{"class":128},[104,577,579,581,584,586,589],{"class":106,"line":578},36,[104,580,534],{"class":117},[104,582,583],{"class":121}," bool",[104,585,329],{"class":128},[104,587,588],{"class":121},"self",[104,590,555],{"class":128},[104,592,594],{"class":106,"line":593},37,[104,595,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,597,599],{"class":106,"line":598},38,[104,600,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,602,604,606,609,612,614],{"class":106,"line":603},39,[104,605,254],{"class":117},[104,607,608],{"class":257}," _size",[104,610,611],{"class":128},"(path: Path) -> ",[104,613,526],{"class":121},[104,615,273],{"class":128},[104,617,619,621,623,626,628,631,633,636,639,642,645],{"class":106,"line":618},40,[104,620,359],{"class":117},[104,622,537],{"class":121},[104,624,625],{"class":128},"(f.stat().st_size ",[104,627,543],{"class":117},[104,629,630],{"class":128}," f ",[104,632,549],{"class":117},[104,634,635],{"class":128}," path.rglob(",[104,637,638],{"class":207},"\"*\"",[104,640,641],{"class":128},") ",[104,643,644],{"class":117},"if",[104,646,647],{"class":128}," f.is_file())\n",[104,649,651],{"class":106,"line":650},41,[104,652,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,654,656],{"class":106,"line":655},42,[104,657,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,659,661,663,666,669,671,674,676,679,682,684,686],{"class":106,"line":660},43,[104,662,254],{"class":117},[104,664,665],{"class":257}," plan_prune",[104,667,668],{"class":128},"(root: Path, older_than: ",[104,670,270],{"class":121},[104,672,673],{"class":128},", now: ",[104,675,270],{"class":121},[104,677,678],{"class":117}," |",[104,680,681],{"class":121}," None",[104,683,201],{"class":117},[104,685,681],{"class":121},[104,687,688],{"class":128},") -> Plan:\n",[104,690,692],{"class":106,"line":691},44,[104,693,694],{"class":207},"    \"\"\"Decide what to delete. Pure with respect to the filesystem: reads only.\"\"\"\n",[104,696,698,701,703,706,708,710,713,715,717,720],{"class":106,"line":697},45,[104,699,700],{"class":128},"    now ",[104,702,282],{"class":117},[104,704,705],{"class":128}," now ",[104,707,644],{"class":117},[104,709,705],{"class":128},[104,711,712],{"class":117},"is",[104,714,314],{"class":117},[104,716,681],{"class":121},[104,718,719],{"class":117}," else",[104,721,722],{"class":128}," time.time()\n",[104,724,726,729,731],{"class":106,"line":725},46,[104,727,728],{"class":128},"    plan ",[104,730,282],{"class":117},[104,732,733],{"class":128}," Plan()\n",[104,735,737,740,743,745,748,751,753,756,758,761,763],{"class":106,"line":736},47,[104,738,739],{"class":117},"    for",[104,741,742],{"class":128}," build ",[104,744,549],{"class":117},[104,746,747],{"class":121}," sorted",[104,749,750],{"class":128},"(p ",[104,752,543],{"class":117},[104,754,755],{"class":128}," p ",[104,757,549],{"class":117},[104,759,760],{"class":128}," root.iterdir() ",[104,762,644],{"class":117},[104,764,765],{"class":128}," p.is_dir()):\n",[104,767,769,772,774,776,779],{"class":106,"line":768},48,[104,770,771],{"class":128},"        age ",[104,773,282],{"class":117},[104,775,705],{"class":128},[104,777,778],{"class":117},"-",[104,780,781],{"class":128}," build.stat().st_mtime\n",[104,783,785,788,791,794],{"class":106,"line":784},49,[104,786,787],{"class":117},"        if",[104,789,790],{"class":128}," age ",[104,792,793],{"class":117},">",[104,795,796],{"class":128}," older_than:\n",[104,798,800,803,806,809],{"class":106,"line":799},50,[104,801,802],{"class":128},"            plan.deletions.append(Deletion(build, age ",[104,804,805],{"class":117},"\u002F",[104,807,808],{"class":121}," 86400",[104,810,811],{"class":128},", _size(build)))\n",[104,813,815,817],{"class":106,"line":814},51,[104,816,359],{"class":117},[104,818,819],{"class":128}," plan\n",[104,821,823],{"class":106,"line":822},52,[104,824,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,826,828],{"class":106,"line":827},53,[104,829,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,831,833,835,838,841,843],{"class":106,"line":832},54,[104,834,254],{"class":117},[104,836,837],{"class":257}," apply_prune",[104,839,840],{"class":128},"(plan: Plan) -> ",[104,842,526],{"class":121},[104,844,273],{"class":128},[104,846,848],{"class":106,"line":847},55,[104,849,850],{"class":207},"    \"\"\"Carry out exactly the plan that was shown.\"\"\"\n",[104,852,854,856,858,860],{"class":106,"line":853},56,[104,855,739],{"class":117},[104,857,546],{"class":128},[104,859,549],{"class":117},[104,861,862],{"class":128}," plan.deletions:\n",[104,864,866],{"class":106,"line":865},57,[104,867,868],{"class":128},"        shutil.rmtree(d.path)\n",[104,870,872,874,877],{"class":106,"line":871},58,[104,873,359],{"class":117},[104,875,876],{"class":121}," len",[104,878,879],{"class":128},"(plan.deletions)\n",[95,881,883],{"className":97,"code":882,"language":99,"meta":100,"style":100},"# src\u002Fmytool\u002Fcli.py\nimport sys\nfrom pathlib import Path\nfrom typing import Annotated\n\nimport typer\n\nfrom mytool.prune import Plan, apply_prune, parse_age, plan_prune\n\napp = typer.Typer()\n\n\ndef human(n: int) -> str:\n    for unit in (\"B\", \"KB\", \"MB\", \"GB\"):\n        if n \u003C 1024:\n            return f\"{n:.1f} {unit}\" if unit != \"B\" else f\"{n} B\"\n        n \u002F= 1024\n    return f\"{n:.1f} TB\"\n\n\ndef show(plan: Plan, verb: str) -> None:\n    typer.echo(f\"{verb} {len(plan.deletions)} build(s) ({human(plan.total_size)}):\", err=True)\n    for d in plan.deletions:\n        typer.echo(f\"  {d.path.name:\u003C12} {d.age_days:5.0f} days old  {human(d.size):>9}\", err=True)\n\n\ndef stdin_is_tty() -> bool:\n    \"\"\"A seam for tests: CliRunner replaces stdin with a non-TTY stream.\"\"\"\n    return sys.stdin.isatty()\n\n\ndef confirm(message: str, yes: bool) -> None:\n    if yes:\n        return\n    if not stdin_is_tty():\n        typer.echo(\"error: refusing to delete without --yes (no terminal to confirm on)\", err=True)\n        raise typer.Exit(2)\n    if not typer.confirm(message, default=False, err=True):\n        typer.echo(\"aborted; nothing was deleted\", err=True)\n        raise typer.Exit(1)\n\n\n@app.callback()\ndef main() -> None:\n    \"\"\"Build maintenance.\"\"\"\n\n\n@app.command()\ndef prune(\n    root: Annotated[Path, typer.Argument(exists=True, file_okay=False)],\n    older_than: Annotated[str, typer.Option(help=\"Age threshold, e.g. 30d.\")] = \"30d\",\n    dry_run: Annotated[bool, typer.Option(\"--dry-run\", \"-n\", help=\"Show what would be deleted.\")] = False,\n    yes: Annotated[bool, typer.Option(\"--yes\", \"-y\", help=\"Do not ask for confirmation.\")] = False,\n) -> None:\n    \"\"\"Delete build directories older than a threshold.\"\"\"\n    try:\n        threshold = parse_age(older_than)\n    except ValueError as exc:\n        raise typer.BadParameter(str(exc), param_hint=\"--older-than\")\n    plan = plan_prune(root, threshold)\n    if not plan:\n        typer.echo(\"nothing to delete\", err=True)\n        return\n    show(plan, \"would delete\" if dry_run else \"will delete\")\n    if dry_run:\n        return\n    confirm(f\"Delete {len(plan.deletions)} build(s) ({human(plan.total_size)})?\", yes)\n    deleted = apply_prune(plan)\n    typer.echo(f\"deleted {deleted} build(s)\", err=True)\n\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    app()\n",[31,884,885,890,897,907,919,923,930,934,946,950,960,964,968,986,1019,1034,1089,1100,1119,1123,1127,1146,1194,1204,1259,1263,1267,1281,1286,1293,1297,1301,1324,1331,1336,1345,1362,1373,1400,1417,1427,1431,1435,1443,1456,1461,1465,1469,1476,1486,1510,1539,1574,1608,1616,1621,1628,1638,1651,1674,1684,1694,1712,1717,1739,1747,1752,1784,1795,1825,1830,1835,1851],{"__ignoreMap":100},[104,886,887],{"class":106,"line":107},[104,888,889],{"class":110},"# src\u002Fmytool\u002Fcli.py\n",[104,891,892,894],{"class":106,"line":114},[104,893,142],{"class":117},[104,895,896],{"class":128}," sys\n",[104,898,899,901,903,905],{"class":106,"line":132},[104,900,118],{"class":117},[104,902,182],{"class":128},[104,904,142],{"class":117},[104,906,187],{"class":128},[104,908,909,911,914,916],{"class":106,"line":139},[104,910,118],{"class":117},[104,912,913],{"class":128}," typing ",[104,915,142],{"class":117},[104,917,918],{"class":128}," Annotated\n",[104,920,921],{"class":106,"line":148},[104,922,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,924,925,927],{"class":106,"line":156},[104,926,142],{"class":117},[104,928,929],{"class":128}," typer\n",[104,931,932],{"class":106,"line":164},[104,933,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,935,936,938,941,943],{"class":106,"line":177},[104,937,118],{"class":117},[104,939,940],{"class":128}," mytool.prune ",[104,942,142],{"class":117},[104,944,945],{"class":128}," Plan, apply_prune, parse_age, plan_prune\n",[104,947,948],{"class":106,"line":190},[104,949,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,951,952,955,957],{"class":106,"line":195},[104,953,954],{"class":128},"app ",[104,956,282],{"class":117},[104,958,959],{"class":128}," typer.Typer()\n",[104,961,962],{"class":106,"line":241},[104,963,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,965,966],{"class":106,"line":246},[104,967,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,969,970,972,975,978,980,982,984],{"class":106,"line":251},[104,971,254],{"class":117},[104,973,974],{"class":257}," human",[104,976,977],{"class":128},"(n: ",[104,979,526],{"class":121},[104,981,267],{"class":128},[104,983,264],{"class":121},[104,985,273],{"class":128},[104,987,988,990,993,995,998,1001,1003,1006,1008,1011,1013,1016],{"class":106,"line":276},[104,989,739],{"class":117},[104,991,992],{"class":128}," unit ",[104,994,549],{"class":117},[104,996,997],{"class":128}," (",[104,999,1000],{"class":207},"\"B\"",[104,1002,217],{"class":128},[104,1004,1005],{"class":207},"\"KB\"",[104,1007,217],{"class":128},[104,1009,1010],{"class":207},"\"MB\"",[104,1012,217],{"class":128},[104,1014,1015],{"class":207},"\"GB\"",[104,1017,1018],{"class":128},"):\n",[104,1020,1021,1023,1026,1029,1032],{"class":106,"line":308},[104,1022,787],{"class":117},[104,1024,1025],{"class":128}," n ",[104,1027,1028],{"class":117},"\u003C",[104,1030,1031],{"class":121}," 1024",[104,1033,273],{"class":128},[104,1035,1036,1039,1042,1044,1046,1049,1052,1054,1056,1059,1061,1063,1066,1068,1071,1074,1076,1078,1080,1082,1084,1086],{"class":106,"line":320},[104,1037,1038],{"class":117},"            return",[104,1040,1041],{"class":117}," f",[104,1043,291],{"class":207},[104,1045,338],{"class":121},[104,1047,1048],{"class":128},"n",[104,1050,1051],{"class":117},":.1f",[104,1053,347],{"class":121},[104,1055,204],{"class":121},[104,1057,1058],{"class":128},"unit",[104,1060,347],{"class":121},[104,1062,291],{"class":207},[104,1064,1065],{"class":117}," if",[104,1067,992],{"class":128},[104,1069,1070],{"class":117},"!=",[104,1072,1073],{"class":207}," \"B\"",[104,1075,719],{"class":117},[104,1077,1041],{"class":117},[104,1079,291],{"class":207},[104,1081,338],{"class":121},[104,1083,1048],{"class":128},[104,1085,347],{"class":121},[104,1087,1088],{"class":207}," B\"\n",[104,1090,1091,1094,1097],{"class":106,"line":356},[104,1092,1093],{"class":128},"        n ",[104,1095,1096],{"class":117},"\u002F=",[104,1098,1099],{"class":121}," 1024\n",[104,1101,1102,1104,1106,1108,1110,1112,1114,1116],{"class":106,"line":389},[104,1103,359],{"class":117},[104,1105,1041],{"class":117},[104,1107,291],{"class":207},[104,1109,338],{"class":121},[104,1111,1048],{"class":128},[104,1113,1051],{"class":117},[104,1115,347],{"class":121},[104,1117,1118],{"class":207}," TB\"\n",[104,1120,1121],{"class":106,"line":394},[104,1122,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1124,1125],{"class":106,"line":399},[104,1126,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1128,1129,1131,1134,1137,1139,1141,1144],{"class":106,"line":418},[104,1130,254],{"class":117},[104,1132,1133],{"class":257}," show",[104,1135,1136],{"class":128},"(plan: Plan, verb: ",[104,1138,264],{"class":121},[104,1140,267],{"class":128},[104,1142,1143],{"class":121},"None",[104,1145,273],{"class":128},[104,1147,1148,1151,1153,1155,1157,1160,1162,1165,1168,1170,1173,1175,1178,1180,1183,1185,1188,1190,1192],{"class":106,"line":429},[104,1149,1150],{"class":128},"    typer.echo(",[104,1152,332],{"class":117},[104,1154,291],{"class":207},[104,1156,338],{"class":121},[104,1158,1159],{"class":128},"verb",[104,1161,347],{"class":121},[104,1163,1164],{"class":121}," {len",[104,1166,1167],{"class":128},"(plan.deletions)",[104,1169,347],{"class":121},[104,1171,1172],{"class":207}," build(s) (",[104,1174,338],{"class":121},[104,1176,1177],{"class":128},"human(plan.total_size)",[104,1179,347],{"class":121},[104,1181,1182],{"class":207},"):\"",[104,1184,217],{"class":128},[104,1186,1187],{"class":407},"err",[104,1189,282],{"class":117},[104,1191,413],{"class":121},[104,1193,353],{"class":128},[104,1195,1196,1198,1200,1202],{"class":106,"line":435},[104,1197,739],{"class":117},[104,1199,546],{"class":128},[104,1201,549],{"class":117},[104,1203,862],{"class":128},[104,1205,1206,1209,1211,1214,1216,1219,1222,1224,1226,1229,1232,1234,1237,1239,1242,1245,1247,1249,1251,1253,1255,1257],{"class":106,"line":444},[104,1207,1208],{"class":128},"        typer.echo(",[104,1210,332],{"class":117},[104,1212,1213],{"class":207},"\"  ",[104,1215,338],{"class":121},[104,1217,1218],{"class":128},"d.path.name",[104,1220,1221],{"class":117},":\u003C12",[104,1223,347],{"class":121},[104,1225,204],{"class":121},[104,1227,1228],{"class":128},"d.age_days",[104,1230,1231],{"class":117},":5.0f",[104,1233,347],{"class":121},[104,1235,1236],{"class":207}," days old  ",[104,1238,338],{"class":121},[104,1240,1241],{"class":128},"human(d.size)",[104,1243,1244],{"class":117},":>9",[104,1246,347],{"class":121},[104,1248,291],{"class":207},[104,1250,217],{"class":128},[104,1252,1187],{"class":407},[104,1254,282],{"class":117},[104,1256,413],{"class":121},[104,1258,353],{"class":128},[104,1260,1261],{"class":106,"line":453},[104,1262,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1264,1265],{"class":106,"line":458},[104,1266,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1268,1269,1271,1274,1277,1279],{"class":106,"line":463},[104,1270,254],{"class":117},[104,1272,1273],{"class":257}," stdin_is_tty",[104,1275,1276],{"class":128},"() -> ",[104,1278,573],{"class":121},[104,1280,273],{"class":128},[104,1282,1283],{"class":106,"line":469},[104,1284,1285],{"class":207},"    \"\"\"A seam for tests: CliRunner replaces stdin with a non-TTY stream.\"\"\"\n",[104,1287,1288,1290],{"class":106,"line":479},[104,1289,359],{"class":117},[104,1291,1292],{"class":128}," sys.stdin.isatty()\n",[104,1294,1295],{"class":106,"line":500},[104,1296,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1298,1299],{"class":106,"line":505},[104,1300,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1302,1303,1305,1308,1311,1313,1316,1318,1320,1322],{"class":106,"line":514},[104,1304,254],{"class":117},[104,1306,1307],{"class":257}," confirm",[104,1309,1310],{"class":128},"(message: ",[104,1312,264],{"class":121},[104,1314,1315],{"class":128},", yes: ",[104,1317,573],{"class":121},[104,1319,267],{"class":128},[104,1321,1143],{"class":121},[104,1323,273],{"class":128},[104,1325,1326,1328],{"class":106,"line":531},[104,1327,311],{"class":117},[104,1329,1330],{"class":128}," yes:\n",[104,1332,1333],{"class":106,"line":558},[104,1334,1335],{"class":117},"        return\n",[104,1337,1338,1340,1342],{"class":106,"line":563},[104,1339,311],{"class":117},[104,1341,314],{"class":117},[104,1343,1344],{"class":128}," stdin_is_tty():\n",[104,1346,1347,1349,1352,1354,1356,1358,1360],{"class":106,"line":578},[104,1348,1208],{"class":128},[104,1350,1351],{"class":207},"\"error: refusing to delete without --yes (no terminal to confirm on)\"",[104,1353,217],{"class":128},[104,1355,1187],{"class":407},[104,1357,282],{"class":117},[104,1359,413],{"class":121},[104,1361,353],{"class":128},[104,1363,1364,1366,1369,1371],{"class":106,"line":593},[104,1365,323],{"class":117},[104,1367,1368],{"class":128}," typer.Exit(",[104,1370,383],{"class":121},[104,1372,353],{"class":128},[104,1374,1375,1377,1379,1382,1385,1387,1390,1392,1394,1396,1398],{"class":106,"line":598},[104,1376,311],{"class":117},[104,1378,314],{"class":117},[104,1380,1381],{"class":128}," typer.confirm(message, ",[104,1383,1384],{"class":407},"default",[104,1386,282],{"class":117},[104,1388,1389],{"class":121},"False",[104,1391,217],{"class":128},[104,1393,1187],{"class":407},[104,1395,282],{"class":117},[104,1397,413],{"class":121},[104,1399,1018],{"class":128},[104,1401,1402,1404,1407,1409,1411,1413,1415],{"class":106,"line":603},[104,1403,1208],{"class":128},[104,1405,1406],{"class":207},"\"aborted; nothing was deleted\"",[104,1408,217],{"class":128},[104,1410,1187],{"class":407},[104,1412,282],{"class":117},[104,1414,413],{"class":121},[104,1416,353],{"class":128},[104,1418,1419,1421,1423,1425],{"class":106,"line":618},[104,1420,323],{"class":117},[104,1422,1368],{"class":128},[104,1424,368],{"class":121},[104,1426,353],{"class":128},[104,1428,1429],{"class":106,"line":650},[104,1430,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1432,1433],{"class":106,"line":655},[104,1434,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1436,1437,1440],{"class":106,"line":660},[104,1438,1439],{"class":257},"@app.callback",[104,1441,1442],{"class":128},"()\n",[104,1444,1445,1447,1450,1452,1454],{"class":106,"line":691},[104,1446,254],{"class":117},[104,1448,1449],{"class":257}," main",[104,1451,1276],{"class":128},[104,1453,1143],{"class":121},[104,1455,273],{"class":128},[104,1457,1458],{"class":106,"line":697},[104,1459,1460],{"class":207},"    \"\"\"Build maintenance.\"\"\"\n",[104,1462,1463],{"class":106,"line":725},[104,1464,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1466,1467],{"class":106,"line":736},[104,1468,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1470,1471,1474],{"class":106,"line":768},[104,1472,1473],{"class":257},"@app.command",[104,1475,1442],{"class":128},[104,1477,1478,1480,1483],{"class":106,"line":784},[104,1479,254],{"class":117},[104,1481,1482],{"class":257}," prune",[104,1484,1485],{"class":128},"(\n",[104,1487,1488,1491,1494,1496,1498,1500,1503,1505,1507],{"class":106,"line":799},[104,1489,1490],{"class":128},"    root: Annotated[Path, typer.Argument(",[104,1492,1493],{"class":407},"exists",[104,1495,282],{"class":117},[104,1497,413],{"class":121},[104,1499,217],{"class":128},[104,1501,1502],{"class":407},"file_okay",[104,1504,282],{"class":117},[104,1506,1389],{"class":121},[104,1508,1509],{"class":128},")],\n",[104,1511,1512,1515,1517,1520,1523,1525,1528,1531,1533,1536],{"class":106,"line":814},[104,1513,1514],{"class":128},"    older_than: Annotated[",[104,1516,264],{"class":121},[104,1518,1519],{"class":128},", typer.Option(",[104,1521,1522],{"class":407},"help",[104,1524,282],{"class":117},[104,1526,1527],{"class":207},"\"Age threshold, e.g. 30d.\"",[104,1529,1530],{"class":128},")] ",[104,1532,282],{"class":117},[104,1534,1535],{"class":207}," \"30d\"",[104,1537,1538],{"class":128},",\n",[104,1540,1541,1544,1546,1548,1551,1553,1556,1558,1560,1562,1565,1567,1569,1572],{"class":106,"line":822},[104,1542,1543],{"class":128},"    dry_run: Annotated[",[104,1545,573],{"class":121},[104,1547,1519],{"class":128},[104,1549,1550],{"class":207},"\"--dry-run\"",[104,1552,217],{"class":128},[104,1554,1555],{"class":207},"\"-n\"",[104,1557,217],{"class":128},[104,1559,1522],{"class":407},[104,1561,282],{"class":117},[104,1563,1564],{"class":207},"\"Show what would be deleted.\"",[104,1566,1530],{"class":128},[104,1568,282],{"class":117},[104,1570,1571],{"class":121}," False",[104,1573,1538],{"class":128},[104,1575,1576,1579,1581,1583,1586,1588,1591,1593,1595,1597,1600,1602,1604,1606],{"class":106,"line":827},[104,1577,1578],{"class":128},"    yes: Annotated[",[104,1580,573],{"class":121},[104,1582,1519],{"class":128},[104,1584,1585],{"class":207},"\"--yes\"",[104,1587,217],{"class":128},[104,1589,1590],{"class":207},"\"-y\"",[104,1592,217],{"class":128},[104,1594,1522],{"class":407},[104,1596,282],{"class":117},[104,1598,1599],{"class":207},"\"Do not ask for confirmation.\"",[104,1601,1530],{"class":128},[104,1603,282],{"class":117},[104,1605,1571],{"class":121},[104,1607,1538],{"class":128},[104,1609,1610,1612,1614],{"class":106,"line":832},[104,1611,267],{"class":128},[104,1613,1143],{"class":121},[104,1615,273],{"class":128},[104,1617,1618],{"class":106,"line":847},[104,1619,1620],{"class":207},"    \"\"\"Delete build directories older than a threshold.\"\"\"\n",[104,1622,1623,1626],{"class":106,"line":853},[104,1624,1625],{"class":117},"    try",[104,1627,273],{"class":128},[104,1629,1630,1633,1635],{"class":106,"line":865},[104,1631,1632],{"class":128},"        threshold ",[104,1634,282],{"class":117},[104,1636,1637],{"class":128}," parse_age(older_than)\n",[104,1639,1640,1643,1645,1648],{"class":106,"line":871},[104,1641,1642],{"class":117},"    except",[104,1644,326],{"class":121},[104,1646,1647],{"class":117}," as",[104,1649,1650],{"class":128}," exc:\n",[104,1652,1654,1656,1659,1661,1664,1667,1669,1672],{"class":106,"line":1653},59,[104,1655,323],{"class":117},[104,1657,1658],{"class":128}," typer.BadParameter(",[104,1660,264],{"class":121},[104,1662,1663],{"class":128},"(exc), ",[104,1665,1666],{"class":407},"param_hint",[104,1668,282],{"class":117},[104,1670,1671],{"class":207},"\"--older-than\"",[104,1673,353],{"class":128},[104,1675,1677,1679,1681],{"class":106,"line":1676},60,[104,1678,728],{"class":128},[104,1680,282],{"class":117},[104,1682,1683],{"class":128}," plan_prune(root, threshold)\n",[104,1685,1687,1689,1691],{"class":106,"line":1686},61,[104,1688,311],{"class":117},[104,1690,314],{"class":117},[104,1692,1693],{"class":128}," plan:\n",[104,1695,1697,1699,1702,1704,1706,1708,1710],{"class":106,"line":1696},62,[104,1698,1208],{"class":128},[104,1700,1701],{"class":207},"\"nothing to delete\"",[104,1703,217],{"class":128},[104,1705,1187],{"class":407},[104,1707,282],{"class":117},[104,1709,413],{"class":121},[104,1711,353],{"class":128},[104,1713,1715],{"class":106,"line":1714},63,[104,1716,1335],{"class":117},[104,1718,1720,1723,1726,1728,1731,1734,1737],{"class":106,"line":1719},64,[104,1721,1722],{"class":128},"    show(plan, ",[104,1724,1725],{"class":207},"\"would delete\"",[104,1727,1065],{"class":117},[104,1729,1730],{"class":128}," dry_run ",[104,1732,1733],{"class":117},"else",[104,1735,1736],{"class":207}," \"will delete\"",[104,1738,353],{"class":128},[104,1740,1742,1744],{"class":106,"line":1741},65,[104,1743,311],{"class":117},[104,1745,1746],{"class":128}," dry_run:\n",[104,1748,1750],{"class":106,"line":1749},66,[104,1751,1335],{"class":117},[104,1753,1755,1758,1760,1763,1766,1768,1770,1772,1774,1776,1778,1781],{"class":106,"line":1754},67,[104,1756,1757],{"class":128},"    confirm(",[104,1759,332],{"class":117},[104,1761,1762],{"class":207},"\"Delete ",[104,1764,1765],{"class":121},"{len",[104,1767,1167],{"class":128},[104,1769,347],{"class":121},[104,1771,1172],{"class":207},[104,1773,338],{"class":121},[104,1775,1177],{"class":128},[104,1777,347],{"class":121},[104,1779,1780],{"class":207},")?\"",[104,1782,1783],{"class":128},", yes)\n",[104,1785,1787,1790,1792],{"class":106,"line":1786},68,[104,1788,1789],{"class":128},"    deleted ",[104,1791,282],{"class":117},[104,1793,1794],{"class":128}," apply_prune(plan)\n",[104,1796,1798,1800,1802,1805,1807,1810,1812,1815,1817,1819,1821,1823],{"class":106,"line":1797},69,[104,1799,1150],{"class":128},[104,1801,332],{"class":117},[104,1803,1804],{"class":207},"\"deleted ",[104,1806,338],{"class":121},[104,1808,1809],{"class":128},"deleted",[104,1811,347],{"class":121},[104,1813,1814],{"class":207}," build(s)\"",[104,1816,217],{"class":128},[104,1818,1187],{"class":407},[104,1820,282],{"class":117},[104,1822,413],{"class":121},[104,1824,353],{"class":128},[104,1826,1828],{"class":106,"line":1827},70,[104,1829,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1831,1833],{"class":106,"line":1832},71,[104,1834,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,1836,1838,1840,1843,1846,1849],{"class":106,"line":1837},72,[104,1839,644],{"class":117},[104,1841,1842],{"class":121}," __name__",[104,1844,1845],{"class":117}," ==",[104,1847,1848],{"class":207}," \"__main__\"",[104,1850,273],{"class":128},[104,1852,1854],{"class":106,"line":1853},73,[104,1855,1856],{"class":128},"    app()\n",[1858,1859,1861],"h3",{"id":1860},"the-decisions-that-matter","The decisions that matter",[10,1863,1864,1867,1868,1871,1872,1875],{},[14,1865,1866],{},"The default answer is \"no\"."," ",[31,1869,1870],{},"typer.confirm(..., default=False)"," means an accidental Enter aborts. The prompt shows ",[31,1873,1874],{},"[y\u002FN]",", with the capital letter marking the default.",[10,1877,1878,1881,1882,1884],{},[14,1879,1880],{},"No terminal means no implicit yes."," A script or CI job has no one to answer the prompt. Some tools treat that as consent; that is how scheduled jobs delete things nobody intended. Here, a missing ",[31,1883,37],{}," without a terminal is a usage error (exit 2) with a message saying exactly what to add.",[70,1886],{"name":1887},"dr-confirm-decision",[10,1889,1890,1893],{},[14,1891,1892],{},"The prompt restates the scale."," \"Delete 3 build(s) (1.2 GB)?\" is a last chance to notice that the number is not what you expected — 3,000 instead of 3 — which is the most common way destructive commands go wrong.",[10,1895,1896,1899,1900,1903],{},[14,1897,1898],{},"The listing goes to stderr."," The plan is narration, not the command's result, so it does not pollute stdout. A ",[31,1901,1902],{},"--json"," flag could emit the plan as data on stdout for tools that want to review it programmatically.",[10,1905,1906,1909],{},[14,1907,1908],{},"\"Nothing to do\" is success."," Exit 0 with a short message when the plan is empty; scripts should not have to treat a clean state as an error.",[1858,1911,1913],{"id":1912},"stronger-confirmation-for-high-stakes-targets","Stronger confirmation for high-stakes targets",[10,1915,1916,1917,1920,1921,1924],{},"A ",[31,1918,1919],{},"y"," is muscle memory. For production environments, whole-database operations or anything tagged as protected, ask the user to ",[14,1922,1923],{},"type the name of the thing"," they are about to affect — the pattern GitHub uses for deleting repositories:",[95,1926,1928],{"className":97,"code":1927,"language":99,"meta":100,"style":100},"def confirm_by_name(target: str, yes: bool, allow_env: str = \"MYTOOL_ALLOW_PROTECTED\") -> None:\n    import os\n    if yes and os.environ.get(allow_env) == \"1\":\n        return                                   # automation must opt in twice\n    if not sys.stdin.isatty():\n        typer.echo(f\"error: {target!r} is protected; set {allow_env}=1 and pass --yes\", err=True)\n        raise typer.Exit(2)\n    typed = typer.prompt(f\"Type {target!r} to confirm\", err=True)\n    if typed != target:\n        typer.echo(\"names did not match; aborted\", err=True)\n        raise typer.Exit(1)\n",[31,1929,1930,1962,1970,1991,1998,2007,2048,2058,2094,2106,2123],{"__ignoreMap":100},[104,1931,1932,1934,1937,1940,1942,1944,1946,1949,1951,1953,1956,1958,1960],{"class":106,"line":107},[104,1933,254],{"class":117},[104,1935,1936],{"class":257}," confirm_by_name",[104,1938,1939],{"class":128},"(target: ",[104,1941,264],{"class":121},[104,1943,1315],{"class":128},[104,1945,573],{"class":121},[104,1947,1948],{"class":128},", allow_env: ",[104,1950,264],{"class":121},[104,1952,201],{"class":117},[104,1954,1955],{"class":207}," \"MYTOOL_ALLOW_PROTECTED\"",[104,1957,267],{"class":128},[104,1959,1143],{"class":121},[104,1961,273],{"class":128},[104,1963,1964,1967],{"class":106,"line":114},[104,1965,1966],{"class":117},"    import",[104,1968,1969],{"class":128}," os\n",[104,1971,1972,1974,1977,1980,1983,1986,1989],{"class":106,"line":132},[104,1973,311],{"class":117},[104,1975,1976],{"class":128}," yes ",[104,1978,1979],{"class":117},"and",[104,1981,1982],{"class":128}," os.environ.get(allow_env) ",[104,1984,1985],{"class":117},"==",[104,1987,1988],{"class":207}," \"1\"",[104,1990,273],{"class":128},[104,1992,1993,1995],{"class":106,"line":139},[104,1994,534],{"class":117},[104,1996,1997],{"class":110},"                                   # automation must opt in twice\n",[104,1999,2000,2002,2004],{"class":106,"line":148},[104,2001,311],{"class":117},[104,2003,314],{"class":117},[104,2005,2006],{"class":128}," sys.stdin.isatty():\n",[104,2008,2009,2011,2013,2016,2018,2021,2023,2025,2028,2030,2033,2035,2038,2040,2042,2044,2046],{"class":106,"line":156},[104,2010,1208],{"class":128},[104,2012,332],{"class":117},[104,2014,2015],{"class":207},"\"error: ",[104,2017,338],{"class":121},[104,2019,2020],{"class":128},"target",[104,2022,344],{"class":117},[104,2024,347],{"class":121},[104,2026,2027],{"class":207}," is protected; set ",[104,2029,338],{"class":121},[104,2031,2032],{"class":128},"allow_env",[104,2034,347],{"class":121},[104,2036,2037],{"class":207},"=1 and pass --yes\"",[104,2039,217],{"class":128},[104,2041,1187],{"class":407},[104,2043,282],{"class":117},[104,2045,413],{"class":121},[104,2047,353],{"class":128},[104,2049,2050,2052,2054,2056],{"class":106,"line":164},[104,2051,323],{"class":117},[104,2053,1368],{"class":128},[104,2055,383],{"class":121},[104,2057,353],{"class":128},[104,2059,2060,2063,2065,2068,2070,2073,2075,2077,2079,2081,2084,2086,2088,2090,2092],{"class":106,"line":177},[104,2061,2062],{"class":128},"    typed ",[104,2064,282],{"class":117},[104,2066,2067],{"class":128}," typer.prompt(",[104,2069,332],{"class":117},[104,2071,2072],{"class":207},"\"Type ",[104,2074,338],{"class":121},[104,2076,2020],{"class":128},[104,2078,344],{"class":117},[104,2080,347],{"class":121},[104,2082,2083],{"class":207}," to confirm\"",[104,2085,217],{"class":128},[104,2087,1187],{"class":407},[104,2089,282],{"class":117},[104,2091,413],{"class":121},[104,2093,353],{"class":128},[104,2095,2096,2098,2101,2103],{"class":106,"line":190},[104,2097,311],{"class":117},[104,2099,2100],{"class":128}," typed ",[104,2102,1070],{"class":117},[104,2104,2105],{"class":128}," target:\n",[104,2107,2108,2110,2113,2115,2117,2119,2121],{"class":106,"line":195},[104,2109,1208],{"class":128},[104,2111,2112],{"class":207},"\"names did not match; aborted\"",[104,2114,217],{"class":128},[104,2116,1187],{"class":407},[104,2118,282],{"class":117},[104,2120,413],{"class":121},[104,2122,353],{"class":128},[104,2124,2125,2127,2129,2131],{"class":106,"line":241},[104,2126,323],{"class":117},[104,2128,1368],{"class":128},[104,2130,368],{"class":121},[104,2132,353],{"class":128},[10,2134,2135,2136,2138,2139,44],{},"Requiring both ",[31,2137,37],{}," and an environment variable for protected targets in automation makes \"delete production from a script\" a deliberate two-step configuration, not something a copied command line can do by accident. The profile-based version of this guard is in ",[40,2140,2142],{"href":2141},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fsupporting-multiple-profiles-and-accounts\u002F","supporting multiple profiles and accounts",[46,2144,2146],{"id":2145},"ux-considerations","UX considerations",[70,2148],{"name":2149},"dr-terminal",[51,2151,2152,2158,2180,2186,2192],{},[54,2153,2154,2157],{},[14,2155,2156],{},"Make dry runs look like the real thing."," Same listing, same totals, with \"would\" instead of \"will\". Users should be able to trust a dry run's output as a preview.",[54,2159,2160,1867,2167,2169,2170,217,2173,217,2176,2179],{},[14,2161,2162,2163,2166],{},"Offer ",[31,2164,2165],{},"-n"," as the short form.",[31,2168,2165],{}," for dry-run is a long-standing convention (",[31,2171,2172],{},"make -n",[31,2174,2175],{},"rsync -n",[31,2177,2178],{},"git clean -n",").",[54,2181,2182,2185],{},[14,2183,2184],{},"Say what happened after the fact."," \"deleted 3 build(s)\" confirms the action and its scope.",[54,2187,2188,2191],{},[14,2189,2190],{},"Consider undo instead of confirmation."," Where possible — moving to a trash directory, soft-deleting in an API — a reversible action with a short retention window is friendlier than any prompt. Confirmation is for what cannot be undone.",[54,2193,2194,2197],{},[14,2195,2196],{},"Never prompt in library code."," Only the command layer knows whether a person is present. Core functions return plans; commands decide how to confirm.",[46,2199,2201],{"id":2200},"testing-the-behaviour","Testing the behaviour",[10,2203,2204,2205,2207],{},"Test the plan logic directly with a fixed clock, and test every command path — dry run, confirmed, declined, forced, and non-interactive without ",[31,2206,37],{},":",[95,2209,2211],{"className":97,"code":2210,"language":99,"meta":100,"style":100},"# tests\u002Ftest_prune.py\nimport os\nimport time\n\nfrom typer.testing import CliRunner\n\nfrom mytool import cli\nfrom mytool.prune import plan_prune\n\nrunner = CliRunner()\nDAY = 86400\n\n\ndef make_builds(root, ages_days):\n    now = time.time()\n    for i, age in enumerate(ages_days):\n        d = root \u002F f\"build-{i}\"\n        d.mkdir()\n        (d \u002F \"out.bin\").write_bytes(b\"x\" * 100)\n        os.utime(d, (now - age * DAY, now - age * DAY))\n\n\ndef test_plan_selects_only_old_builds(tmp_path):\n    make_builds(tmp_path, [1, 40, 60])\n    plan = plan_prune(tmp_path, 30 * DAY)\n    assert [d.path.name for d in plan.deletions] == [\"build-1\", \"build-2\"]\n\n\ndef test_dry_run_deletes_nothing(tmp_path):\n    make_builds(tmp_path, [40])\n    result = runner.invoke(cli.app, [\"prune\", str(tmp_path), \"--dry-run\"])\n    assert result.exit_code == 0 and \"would delete 1\" in result.output\n    assert (tmp_path \u002F \"build-0\").exists()\n\n\ndef test_declining_aborts(tmp_path, monkeypatch):\n    make_builds(tmp_path, [40])\n    monkeypatch.setattr(cli, \"stdin_is_tty\", lambda: True)          # pretend a person is there\n    result = runner.invoke(cli.app, [\"prune\", str(tmp_path)], input=\"n\\n\")\n    assert result.exit_code == 1 and (tmp_path \u002F \"build-0\").exists()\n\n\ndef test_non_interactive_requires_yes(tmp_path):\n    make_builds(tmp_path, [40])\n    result = runner.invoke(cli.app, [\"prune\", str(tmp_path)])       # CliRunner stdin is not a TTY\n    assert result.exit_code == 2 and \"--yes\" in result.output\n    assert (tmp_path \u002F \"build-0\").exists()\n\n\ndef test_yes_deletes(tmp_path):\n    make_builds(tmp_path, [40, 50])\n    result = runner.invoke(cli.app, [\"prune\", str(tmp_path), \"--yes\"])\n    assert result.exit_code == 0\n    assert list(tmp_path.iterdir()) == []\n",[31,2212,2213,2218,2224,2230,2234,2246,2250,2262,2273,2277,2287,2297,2301,2305,2315,2323,2338,2365,2370,2397,2425,2429,2433,2443,2462,2480,2513,2517,2521,2530,2538,2562,2586,2601,2605,2609,2619,2627,2650,2682,2703,2707,2711,2720,2728,2748,2768,2780,2784,2788,2797,2810,2830,2841],{"__ignoreMap":100},[104,2214,2215],{"class":106,"line":107},[104,2216,2217],{"class":110},"# tests\u002Ftest_prune.py\n",[104,2219,2220,2222],{"class":106,"line":114},[104,2221,142],{"class":117},[104,2223,1969],{"class":128},[104,2225,2226,2228],{"class":106,"line":132},[104,2227,142],{"class":117},[104,2229,161],{"class":128},[104,2231,2232],{"class":106,"line":139},[104,2233,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2235,2236,2238,2241,2243],{"class":106,"line":148},[104,2237,118],{"class":117},[104,2239,2240],{"class":128}," typer.testing ",[104,2242,142],{"class":117},[104,2244,2245],{"class":128}," CliRunner\n",[104,2247,2248],{"class":106,"line":156},[104,2249,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2251,2252,2254,2257,2259],{"class":106,"line":164},[104,2253,118],{"class":117},[104,2255,2256],{"class":128}," mytool ",[104,2258,142],{"class":117},[104,2260,2261],{"class":128}," cli\n",[104,2263,2264,2266,2268,2270],{"class":106,"line":177},[104,2265,118],{"class":117},[104,2267,940],{"class":128},[104,2269,142],{"class":117},[104,2271,2272],{"class":128}," plan_prune\n",[104,2274,2275],{"class":106,"line":190},[104,2276,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2278,2279,2282,2284],{"class":106,"line":195},[104,2280,2281],{"class":128},"runner ",[104,2283,282],{"class":117},[104,2285,2286],{"class":128}," CliRunner()\n",[104,2288,2289,2292,2294],{"class":106,"line":241},[104,2290,2291],{"class":121},"DAY",[104,2293,201],{"class":117},[104,2295,2296],{"class":121}," 86400\n",[104,2298,2299],{"class":106,"line":246},[104,2300,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2302,2303],{"class":106,"line":251},[104,2304,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2306,2307,2309,2312],{"class":106,"line":276},[104,2308,254],{"class":117},[104,2310,2311],{"class":257}," make_builds",[104,2313,2314],{"class":128},"(root, ages_days):\n",[104,2316,2317,2319,2321],{"class":106,"line":308},[104,2318,700],{"class":128},[104,2320,282],{"class":117},[104,2322,722],{"class":128},[104,2324,2325,2327,2330,2332,2335],{"class":106,"line":320},[104,2326,739],{"class":117},[104,2328,2329],{"class":128}," i, age ",[104,2331,549],{"class":117},[104,2333,2334],{"class":121}," enumerate",[104,2336,2337],{"class":128},"(ages_days):\n",[104,2339,2340,2343,2345,2348,2350,2352,2355,2357,2360,2362],{"class":106,"line":356},[104,2341,2342],{"class":128},"        d ",[104,2344,282],{"class":117},[104,2346,2347],{"class":128}," root ",[104,2349,805],{"class":117},[104,2351,1041],{"class":117},[104,2353,2354],{"class":207},"\"build-",[104,2356,338],{"class":121},[104,2358,2359],{"class":128},"i",[104,2361,347],{"class":121},[104,2363,2364],{"class":207},"\"\n",[104,2366,2367],{"class":106,"line":389},[104,2368,2369],{"class":128},"        d.mkdir()\n",[104,2371,2372,2375,2377,2380,2383,2386,2389,2392,2395],{"class":106,"line":394},[104,2373,2374],{"class":128},"        (d ",[104,2376,805],{"class":117},[104,2378,2379],{"class":207}," \"out.bin\"",[104,2381,2382],{"class":128},").write_bytes(",[104,2384,2385],{"class":117},"b",[104,2387,2388],{"class":207},"\"x\"",[104,2390,2391],{"class":117}," *",[104,2393,2394],{"class":121}," 100",[104,2396,353],{"class":128},[104,2398,2399,2402,2404,2406,2408,2411,2414,2416,2418,2420,2422],{"class":106,"line":399},[104,2400,2401],{"class":128},"        os.utime(d, (now ",[104,2403,778],{"class":117},[104,2405,790],{"class":128},[104,2407,374],{"class":117},[104,2409,2410],{"class":121}," DAY",[104,2412,2413],{"class":128},", now ",[104,2415,778],{"class":117},[104,2417,790],{"class":128},[104,2419,374],{"class":117},[104,2421,2410],{"class":121},[104,2423,2424],{"class":128},"))\n",[104,2426,2427],{"class":106,"line":418},[104,2428,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2430,2431],{"class":106,"line":429},[104,2432,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2434,2435,2437,2440],{"class":106,"line":435},[104,2436,254],{"class":117},[104,2438,2439],{"class":257}," test_plan_selects_only_old_builds",[104,2441,2442],{"class":128},"(tmp_path):\n",[104,2444,2445,2448,2450,2452,2455,2457,2459],{"class":106,"line":444},[104,2446,2447],{"class":128},"    make_builds(tmp_path, [",[104,2449,368],{"class":121},[104,2451,217],{"class":128},[104,2453,2454],{"class":121},"40",[104,2456,217],{"class":128},[104,2458,214],{"class":121},[104,2460,2461],{"class":128},"])\n",[104,2463,2464,2466,2468,2471,2474,2476,2478],{"class":106,"line":453},[104,2465,728],{"class":128},[104,2467,282],{"class":117},[104,2469,2470],{"class":128}," plan_prune(tmp_path, ",[104,2472,2473],{"class":121},"30",[104,2475,2391],{"class":117},[104,2477,2410],{"class":121},[104,2479,353],{"class":128},[104,2481,2482,2485,2488,2490,2492,2494,2497,2499,2502,2505,2507,2510],{"class":106,"line":458},[104,2483,2484],{"class":117},"    assert",[104,2486,2487],{"class":128}," [d.path.name ",[104,2489,543],{"class":117},[104,2491,546],{"class":128},[104,2493,549],{"class":117},[104,2495,2496],{"class":128}," plan.deletions] ",[104,2498,1985],{"class":117},[104,2500,2501],{"class":128}," [",[104,2503,2504],{"class":207},"\"build-1\"",[104,2506,217],{"class":128},[104,2508,2509],{"class":207},"\"build-2\"",[104,2511,2512],{"class":128},"]\n",[104,2514,2515],{"class":106,"line":463},[104,2516,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2518,2519],{"class":106,"line":469},[104,2520,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2522,2523,2525,2528],{"class":106,"line":479},[104,2524,254],{"class":117},[104,2526,2527],{"class":257}," test_dry_run_deletes_nothing",[104,2529,2442],{"class":128},[104,2531,2532,2534,2536],{"class":106,"line":500},[104,2533,2447],{"class":128},[104,2535,2454],{"class":121},[104,2537,2461],{"class":128},[104,2539,2540,2543,2545,2548,2551,2553,2555,2558,2560],{"class":106,"line":505},[104,2541,2542],{"class":128},"    result ",[104,2544,282],{"class":117},[104,2546,2547],{"class":128}," runner.invoke(cli.app, [",[104,2549,2550],{"class":207},"\"prune\"",[104,2552,217],{"class":128},[104,2554,264],{"class":121},[104,2556,2557],{"class":128},"(tmp_path), ",[104,2559,1550],{"class":207},[104,2561,2461],{"class":128},[104,2563,2564,2566,2569,2571,2574,2577,2580,2583],{"class":106,"line":514},[104,2565,2484],{"class":117},[104,2567,2568],{"class":128}," result.exit_code ",[104,2570,1985],{"class":117},[104,2572,2573],{"class":121}," 0",[104,2575,2576],{"class":117}," and",[104,2578,2579],{"class":207}," \"would delete 1\"",[104,2581,2582],{"class":117}," in",[104,2584,2585],{"class":128}," result.output\n",[104,2587,2588,2590,2593,2595,2598],{"class":106,"line":531},[104,2589,2484],{"class":117},[104,2591,2592],{"class":128}," (tmp_path ",[104,2594,805],{"class":117},[104,2596,2597],{"class":207}," \"build-0\"",[104,2599,2600],{"class":128},").exists()\n",[104,2602,2603],{"class":106,"line":558},[104,2604,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2606,2607],{"class":106,"line":563},[104,2608,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2610,2611,2613,2616],{"class":106,"line":578},[104,2612,254],{"class":117},[104,2614,2615],{"class":257}," test_declining_aborts",[104,2617,2618],{"class":128},"(tmp_path, monkeypatch):\n",[104,2620,2621,2623,2625],{"class":106,"line":593},[104,2622,2447],{"class":128},[104,2624,2454],{"class":121},[104,2626,2461],{"class":128},[104,2628,2629,2632,2635,2637,2640,2642,2644,2647],{"class":106,"line":598},[104,2630,2631],{"class":128},"    monkeypatch.setattr(cli, ",[104,2633,2634],{"class":207},"\"stdin_is_tty\"",[104,2636,217],{"class":128},[104,2638,2639],{"class":117},"lambda",[104,2641,211],{"class":128},[104,2643,413],{"class":121},[104,2645,2646],{"class":128},")          ",[104,2648,2649],{"class":110},"# pretend a person is there\n",[104,2651,2652,2654,2656,2658,2660,2662,2664,2667,2670,2672,2675,2678,2680],{"class":106,"line":603},[104,2653,2542],{"class":128},[104,2655,282],{"class":117},[104,2657,2547],{"class":128},[104,2659,2550],{"class":207},[104,2661,217],{"class":128},[104,2663,264],{"class":121},[104,2665,2666],{"class":128},"(tmp_path)], ",[104,2668,2669],{"class":407},"input",[104,2671,282],{"class":117},[104,2673,2674],{"class":207},"\"n",[104,2676,2677],{"class":121},"\\n",[104,2679,291],{"class":207},[104,2681,353],{"class":128},[104,2683,2684,2686,2688,2690,2693,2695,2697,2699,2701],{"class":106,"line":618},[104,2685,2484],{"class":117},[104,2687,2568],{"class":128},[104,2689,1985],{"class":117},[104,2691,2692],{"class":121}," 1",[104,2694,2576],{"class":117},[104,2696,2592],{"class":128},[104,2698,805],{"class":117},[104,2700,2597],{"class":207},[104,2702,2600],{"class":128},[104,2704,2705],{"class":106,"line":650},[104,2706,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2708,2709],{"class":106,"line":655},[104,2710,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2712,2713,2715,2718],{"class":106,"line":660},[104,2714,254],{"class":117},[104,2716,2717],{"class":257}," test_non_interactive_requires_yes",[104,2719,2442],{"class":128},[104,2721,2722,2724,2726],{"class":106,"line":691},[104,2723,2447],{"class":128},[104,2725,2454],{"class":121},[104,2727,2461],{"class":128},[104,2729,2730,2732,2734,2736,2738,2740,2742,2745],{"class":106,"line":697},[104,2731,2542],{"class":128},[104,2733,282],{"class":117},[104,2735,2547],{"class":128},[104,2737,2550],{"class":207},[104,2739,217],{"class":128},[104,2741,264],{"class":121},[104,2743,2744],{"class":128},"(tmp_path)])       ",[104,2746,2747],{"class":110},"# CliRunner stdin is not a TTY\n",[104,2749,2750,2752,2754,2756,2759,2761,2764,2766],{"class":106,"line":725},[104,2751,2484],{"class":117},[104,2753,2568],{"class":128},[104,2755,1985],{"class":117},[104,2757,2758],{"class":121}," 2",[104,2760,2576],{"class":117},[104,2762,2763],{"class":207}," \"--yes\"",[104,2765,2582],{"class":117},[104,2767,2585],{"class":128},[104,2769,2770,2772,2774,2776,2778],{"class":106,"line":736},[104,2771,2484],{"class":117},[104,2773,2592],{"class":128},[104,2775,805],{"class":117},[104,2777,2597],{"class":207},[104,2779,2600],{"class":128},[104,2781,2782],{"class":106,"line":768},[104,2783,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2785,2786],{"class":106,"line":784},[104,2787,136],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":135},[104,2789,2790,2792,2795],{"class":106,"line":799},[104,2791,254],{"class":117},[104,2793,2794],{"class":257}," test_yes_deletes",[104,2796,2442],{"class":128},[104,2798,2799,2801,2803,2805,2808],{"class":106,"line":814},[104,2800,2447],{"class":128},[104,2802,2454],{"class":121},[104,2804,217],{"class":128},[104,2806,2807],{"class":121},"50",[104,2809,2461],{"class":128},[104,2811,2812,2814,2816,2818,2820,2822,2824,2826,2828],{"class":106,"line":822},[104,2813,2542],{"class":128},[104,2815,282],{"class":117},[104,2817,2547],{"class":128},[104,2819,2550],{"class":207},[104,2821,217],{"class":128},[104,2823,264],{"class":121},[104,2825,2557],{"class":128},[104,2827,1585],{"class":207},[104,2829,2461],{"class":128},[104,2831,2832,2834,2836,2838],{"class":106,"line":827},[104,2833,2484],{"class":117},[104,2835,2568],{"class":128},[104,2837,1985],{"class":117},[104,2839,2840],{"class":121}," 0\n",[104,2842,2843,2845,2848,2851,2853],{"class":106,"line":832},[104,2844,2484],{"class":117},[104,2846,2847],{"class":121}," list",[104,2849,2850],{"class":128},"(tmp_path.iterdir()) ",[104,2852,1985],{"class":117},[104,2854,2855],{"class":128}," []\n",[10,2857,2858,2859,44],{},"The non-interactive test is the one that protects scheduled jobs: it proves the command refuses to act rather than treating an absent terminal as consent. More on driving prompts in tests is in ",[40,2860,2862],{"href":2861},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Ftesting-interactive-prompts-and-stdin\u002F","testing interactive prompts and stdin",[46,2864,2866],{"id":2865},"conclusion","Conclusion",[10,2868,2869,2870,2872,2873,2875],{},"Destructive commands need a shape, not just a warning: plan without side effects, show the plan, confirm with a default of \"no\", and apply exactly what was shown. ",[31,2871,33],{}," reuses the plan so previews cannot lie, ",[31,2874,37],{}," serves automation, a missing terminal is an error rather than consent, and protected targets ask for the name to be typed. Test each path — especially the non-interactive one — and the next \"someone ran it against production\" story ends with \"and it asked first\".",[46,2877,2879],{"id":2878},"frequently-asked-questions","Frequently asked questions",[1858,2881,2883,2884,2886],{"id":2882},"should-dry-run-be-the-default","Should ",[31,2885,33],{}," be the default?",[10,2888,2889,2890,2893,2894,2897],{},"For extremely dangerous commands, some tools default to a dry run and require ",[31,2891,2892],{},"--apply"," or ",[31,2895,2896],{},"--execute",". It is a reasonable choice when the command is rarely run and its effects are severe, such as a data migration. For routine cleanup, a confirmation prompt with a dry-run option is less friction.",[1858,2899,2901],{"id":2900},"what-if-the-plan-changes-between-showing-and-applying","What if the plan changes between showing and applying?",[10,2903,2904],{},"For local files it rarely matters within the seconds of a prompt. For remote resources, apply should verify each item still matches the plan — using ETags or version numbers — and skip or abort on mismatch rather than deleting something different from what was shown.",[1858,2906,2908,2909,2911],{"id":2907},"how-does-this-interact-with-json-output","How does this interact with ",[31,2910,1902],{}," output?",[10,2913,2914,2915,2918,2919,2921,2922,2924],{},"Emit the plan as JSON on stdout for ",[31,2916,2917],{},"--dry-run --json",", so tools can review it programmatically, and keep confirmation prompts and progress on stderr. Scripts combining ",[31,2920,1902],{}," with ",[31,2923,37],{}," get a machine-readable report of what was done.",[1858,2926,2928],{"id":2927},"should-confirmation-be-skippable-with-an-environment-variable","Should confirmation be skippable with an environment variable?",[10,2930,2931,2932,2934],{},"For ordinary destructive commands, ",[31,2933,37],{}," on the command line is clearer and appears in logs. Environment variables that silently skip prompts are easy to leave set; reserve them for the second factor on protected targets, as above.",[46,2936,2938],{"id":2937},"related","Related",[51,2940,2941,2947,2953,2959,2965],{},[54,2942,2943,2944],{},"Up: ",[40,2945,2946],{"href":42},"Designing CLI interfaces and conventions",[54,2948,2949],{},[40,2950,2952],{"href":2951},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fnaming-commands-and-flags-consistently\u002F","Naming commands and flags consistently",[54,2954,2955],{},[40,2956,2958],{"href":2957},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fglobal-options-vs-per-command-options\u002F","Global options vs per-command options",[54,2960,2961],{},[40,2962,2964],{"href":2963},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fprompting-for-passwords-securely\u002F","Prompting for passwords securely",[54,2966,2967],{},[40,2968,2970],{"href":2969},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Fchoosing-exit-codes-for-cli-tools\u002F","Choosing exit codes for CLI tools",[2972,2973,2974],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki .sJ8bj{--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .szBVR, html code.shiki .szBVR{--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sZZnC, html code.shiki .sZZnC{--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html pre.shiki code .sScJk, html code.shiki .sScJk{--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .s4XuR, html code.shiki .s4XuR{--shiki-default:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":100,"searchDepth":114,"depth":114,"links":2976},[2977,2978,2979,2983,2984,2985,2986,2994],{"id":48,"depth":114,"text":49},{"id":67,"depth":114,"text":68},{"id":89,"depth":114,"text":90,"children":2980},[2981,2982],{"id":1860,"depth":132,"text":1861},{"id":1912,"depth":132,"text":1913},{"id":2145,"depth":114,"text":2146},{"id":2200,"depth":114,"text":2201},{"id":2865,"depth":114,"text":2866},{"id":2878,"depth":114,"text":2879,"children":2987},[2988,2990,2991,2993],{"id":2882,"depth":132,"text":2989},"Should --dry-run be the default?",{"id":2900,"depth":132,"text":2901},{"id":2907,"depth":132,"text":2992},"How does this interact with --json output?",{"id":2927,"depth":132,"text":2928},{"id":2937,"depth":114,"text":2938},"2026-09-18","Make destructive Python CLI commands safe: a plan-show-confirm-apply pattern, --dry-run that cannot drift, --yes for automation, typed confirmation and tests.","intermediate",false,"md",{},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fadding-dry-run-and-confirmation-to-destructive-commands",{"title":5,"description":2996},"modern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fadding-dry-run-and-confirmation-to-destructive-commands\u002Findex",[3005,3006,3007,3008],"cli-design","safety","dry-run","confirmation","2xnDBtnTA3EZD4GAgp-E2924Rhq3zf-ji_W3uF-uE6M",[3011,3014,3017,3020,3023,3026,3029,3032,3035,3038,3041,3044,3047,3050,3053,3056,3059,3062,3065,3068,3071,3074,3077,3080,3083,3086,3089,3092,3095,3098,3101,3104,3107,3110,3113,3116,3119,3122,3125,3128,3131,3134,3137,3140,3143,3146,3149,3152,3155,3158,3161,3164,3167,3170,3173,3176,3179,3182,3185,3188,3191,3194,3197,3200,3203,3206,3209,3212,3215,3218,3221,3224,3227,3230,3233,3236,3239,3242,3245,3248,3251,3254,3257,3260,3263,3266,3269,3272,3275,3278,3281,3284,3286,3289,3292,3295,3298,3301,3304,3307,3310,3313,3316,3319,3320,3323,3326,3329,3332,3335,3338,3341,3344,3347,3350,3353,3356,3359,3362,3365,3368,3371,3374,3377,3380,3383,3386,3389,3392,3395,3398,3401,3404,3407,3410,3413,3416,3419,3422,3425,3428,3431,3434,3437,3440,3443,3446,3449,3452,3455,3458,3461,3464,3467,3470,3473,3476,3479,3482,3485,3488,3491,3494,3497,3500,3503,3506,3509,3512,3515,3518,3521,3524,3527,3530,3533,3536,3539,3542,3545,3548,3551,3554],{"path":3012,"title":3013},"\u002Fabout","About Python CLI Toolcraft",{"path":3015,"title":3016},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fadvanced-argument-validation-strategies","Advanced Argument Validation Strategies",{"path":3018,"title":3019},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fadvanced-argument-validation-strategies\u002Fparsing-nested-json-arguments-in-python-clis","Parsing Nested JSON Args in Python CLIs",{"path":3021,"title":3022},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fadvanced-argument-validation-strategies\u002Fvalidating-dependent-and-conflicting-options","Validating Dependent and Conflicting CLI Options",{"path":3024,"title":3025},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fadvanced-argument-validation-strategies\u002Fvalidating-file-and-directory-paths-in-clis","Validating File and Directory Paths in CLIs",{"path":3027,"title":3028},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fadvanced-argument-validation-strategies\u002Fwriting-custom-click-parameter-types","Writing Custom Click Parameter Types",{"path":3030,"title":3031},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fbuilding-terminal-uis-with-textual\u002Fbuilding-your-first-textual-app","Building Your First Textual App for a Python CLI",{"path":3033,"title":3034},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fbuilding-terminal-uis-with-textual\u002Fchoosing-between-a-cli-a-prompt-flow-and-a-tui","Choosing Between a CLI, a Prompt Flow and a TUI",{"path":3036,"title":3037},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fbuilding-terminal-uis-with-textual","Building Terminal UIs with Textual for Python CLIs",{"path":3039,"title":3040},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fbuilding-terminal-uis-with-textual\u002Ftesting-textual-apps-with-pilot","Testing Textual Apps with Pilot",{"path":3042,"title":3043},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcli-help-output-and-documentation\u002Fadding-examples-and-epilogs-to-help-output","Adding Examples and Epilogs to Help Output",{"path":3045,"title":3046},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcli-help-output-and-documentation\u002Fgenerating-man-pages-and-docs-from-a-cli","Generating Man Pages and Docs from a CLI",{"path":3048,"title":3049},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcli-help-output-and-documentation","CLI Help Output and Documentation",{"path":3051,"title":3052},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcli-help-output-and-documentation\u002Fversioning-and-deprecating-cli-flags","Versioning and Deprecating CLI Flags",{"path":3054,"title":3055},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcli-help-output-and-documentation\u002Fwriting-help-text-users-actually-read","Writing Help Text Users Actually Read",{"path":3057,"title":3058},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcross-platform-terminal-compatibility\u002Fadapting-output-to-terminal-width","Adapting Python CLI Output to Terminal Width",{"path":3060,"title":3061},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcross-platform-terminal-compatibility\u002Fdetecting-ci-environments-and-non-interactive-shells","Detecting CI Environments and Non-Interactive Shells",{"path":3063,"title":3064},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcross-platform-terminal-compatibility\u002Ffixing-unicode-and-encoding-errors-on-windows","Fixing Unicode and Encoding Errors on Windows in Python CLIs",{"path":3066,"title":3067},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcross-platform-terminal-compatibility","Cross-Platform Terminal Compatibility for Python CLIs",{"path":3069,"title":3070},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fcross-platform-terminal-compatibility\u002Frespecting-no-color-and-force-color","Respecting NO_COLOR and FORCE_COLOR in Python CLIs",{"path":3072,"title":3073},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Fchoosing-exit-codes-for-cli-tools","Choosing Exit Codes for CLI Tools",{"path":3075,"title":3076},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Fdesigning-an-exception-hierarchy-for-a-cli","Designing an Exception Hierarchy for a Python CLI",{"path":3078,"title":3079},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Ffriendly-error-messages-and-tracebacks","Friendly Error Messages and Tracebacks",{"path":3081,"title":3082},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Fhandling-keyboard-interrupt-cleanly","Handling Keyboard Interrupt Cleanly",{"path":3084,"title":3085},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes","Error Handling and Exit Codes for CLIs",{"path":3087,"title":3088},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Ferror-handling-and-exit-codes\u002Freporting-machine-readable-errors-in-json-mode","Reporting Machine-Readable Errors in JSON Mode",{"path":3090,"title":3091},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars\u002Fconfig-precedence-flags-env-files-defaults","Config Precedence: Flags, Env, Files, Defaults",{"path":3093,"title":3094},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars\u002Fdiscovering-project-config-files-by-walking-up-directories","Discovering Project Config Files by Walking Up Directories",{"path":3096,"title":3097},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars","Handling Config Files and Env Vars in CLIs",{"path":3099,"title":3100},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars\u002Floading-yaml-configs-safely-in-cli-apps","Loading YAML configs safely in CLI apps",{"path":3102,"title":3103},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars\u002Freading-toml-config-with-tomllib","Reading TOML Config with tomllib in Python CLIs",{"path":3105,"title":3106},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fhandling-configuration-files-env-vars\u002Ftyped-settings-with-pydantic-settings","Typed Settings with pydantic-settings in Python CLIs",{"path":3108,"title":3109},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience","Advanced Input Parsing for Python CLIs",{"path":3111,"title":3112},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich\u002Fadding-progress-bars-and-spinners-to-python-clis","Progress Bars and Spinners for Python CLIs",{"path":3114,"title":3115},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich\u002Fbuilding-interactive-prompts-and-menus","Building Interactive Prompts and Menus in Python CLIs",{"path":3117,"title":3118},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich","Interactive Terminal UI with Rich",{"path":3120,"title":3121},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich\u002Flive-dashboards-with-rich-live","Live Dashboards with Rich Live in Python CLIs",{"path":3123,"title":3124},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich\u002Frendering-tables-and-json-with-rich","Rendering Tables and JSON with Rich",{"path":3126,"title":3127},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Finteractive-terminal-ui-with-rich\u002Ftheming-rich-output-consistently","Theming Rich Output Consistently in Python CLIs",{"path":3129,"title":3130},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fshell-completion-for-python-clis\u002Fdynamic-completion-values-from-apis-and-files","Dynamic Completion Values from APIs and Files",{"path":3132,"title":3133},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fshell-completion-for-python-clis\u002Fenabling-tab-completion-in-click-and-typer","Enabling Tab Completion in Click and Typer",{"path":3135,"title":3136},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fshell-completion-for-python-clis","Shell Completion for Python CLIs",{"path":3138,"title":3139},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fshell-completion-for-python-clis\u002Finstalling-shell-completion-for-bash-zsh-fish","Installing Shell Completion for bash, zsh, fish",{"path":3141,"title":3142},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fshell-completion-for-python-clis\u002Ftesting-shell-completion-in-python-clis","Testing Shell Completion in Python CLIs",{"path":3144,"title":3145},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fstructured-logging-for-cli-apps\u002Fadding-trace-ids-and-context-to-cli-logs","Adding Trace IDs and Context to Python CLI Logs",{"path":3147,"title":3148},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fstructured-logging-for-cli-apps\u002Fadding-verbose-and-quiet-logging-flags","Adding Verbose and Quiet Logging Flags",{"path":3150,"title":3151},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fstructured-logging-for-cli-apps","Structured Logging for CLI Apps",{"path":3153,"title":3154},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fstructured-logging-for-cli-apps\u002Fstructured-json-logging-in-python-clis","Structured JSON Logging in Python CLIs",{"path":3156,"title":3157},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fstructured-logging-for-cli-apps\u002Fwriting-rotating-log-files-from-a-cli","Writing Rotating Log Files from a Python CLI",{"path":3159,"title":3160},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes\u002Fdetecting-tty-and-adapting-output","Detecting a TTY and Adapting Output",{"path":3162,"title":3163},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes\u002Femitting-json-output-for-scripting","Emitting JSON Output for Scripting",{"path":3165,"title":3166},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes\u002Fhandling-broken-pipe-and-sigpipe","Handling Broken Pipe and SIGPIPE",{"path":3168,"title":3169},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes","Working with stdin, stdout and Pipes",{"path":3171,"title":3172},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes\u002Fprocessing-large-files-and-ndjson-streams","Processing Large Files and NDJSON Streams in Python CLIs",{"path":3174,"title":3175},"\u002Fadvanced-input-parsing-user-experience\u002Fworking-with-stdin-stdout-and-pipes\u002Freading-piped-input-in-python-clis","Reading Piped Input in Python CLIs",{"path":3177,"title":3178},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis\u002Fbuilding-an-api-client-cli-with-httpx","Building an API Client CLI with httpx",{"path":3180,"title":3181},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis\u002Fdownloading-files-with-progress-in-python","Downloading Files with Progress in Python CLIs",{"path":3183,"title":3184},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis","Calling HTTP APIs from Python CLIs",{"path":3186,"title":3187},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis\u002Foauth-device-flow-login-for-clis","OAuth Device Flow Login for Python CLIs",{"path":3189,"title":3190},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis\u002Fpaginating-api-results-in-a-cli","Paginating API Results in a Python CLI",{"path":3192,"title":3193},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fcalling-http-apis-from-python-clis\u002Fretries-and-backoff-for-cli-http-calls","Retries and Backoff for CLI HTTP Calls",{"path":3195,"title":3196},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis\u002Fcancelling-async-tasks-on-ctrl-c","Cancelling Async Tasks on Ctrl+C in Python CLIs",{"path":3198,"title":3199},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis","Concurrency and Async in Python CLIs",{"path":3201,"title":3202},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis\u002Fmultiprocessing-for-cpu-bound-cli-tasks","Multiprocessing for CPU-Bound CLI Tasks",{"path":3204,"title":3205},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis\u002Fparallelising-cli-work-with-thread-pools","Parallelising CLI Work with Thread Pools",{"path":3207,"title":3208},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis\u002Frate-limiting-concurrent-requests-in-clis","Rate-Limiting Concurrent Requests in Python CLIs",{"path":3210,"title":3211},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fconcurrency-and-async-in-python-clis\u002Frunning-async-code-in-typer-and-click","Running Async Code in Typer and Click",{"path":3213,"title":3214},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes\u002Fcross-platform-paths-with-pathlib","Cross-Platform Paths with pathlib in CLIs",{"path":3216,"title":3217},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes\u002Ffile-locking-for-concurrent-cli-runs","File Locking for Concurrent CLI Runs in Python",{"path":3219,"title":3220},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes","Filesystem Paths and Atomic Writes for CLIs",{"path":3222,"title":3223},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes\u002Fsafe-temporary-files-and-directories","Safe Temporary Files and Directories in CLIs",{"path":3225,"title":3226},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes\u002Fstoring-app-data-with-platformdirs","Storing CLI App Data with platformdirs",{"path":3228,"title":3229},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Ffilesystem-paths-and-atomic-writes\u002Fwriting-files-atomically-in-python-clis","Writing Files Atomically in Python CLIs",{"path":3231,"title":3232},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration","CLI Runtime & Systems Integration for Python",{"path":3234,"title":3235},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Flong-running-and-watch-mode-clis\u002Fbuilding-a-watch-mode-with-watchfiles","Building a Watch Mode with watchfiles in Python",{"path":3237,"title":3238},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Flong-running-and-watch-mode-clis\u002Fhandling-sigterm-and-graceful-shutdown","Handling SIGTERM and Graceful Shutdown in CLIs",{"path":3240,"title":3241},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Flong-running-and-watch-mode-clis\u002Fhealth-checks-and-heartbeats-for-long-running-clis","Health Checks and Heartbeats for Long-Running CLIs",{"path":3243,"title":3244},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Flong-running-and-watch-mode-clis","Long-Running and Watch-Mode Python CLIs",{"path":3246,"title":3247},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Flong-running-and-watch-mode-clis\u002Frunning-a-cli-on-a-schedule-with-cron-and-systemd","Running a Python CLI on a Schedule with cron and systemd",{"path":3249,"title":3250},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis\u002Favoiding-shell-injection-in-python-clis","Avoiding Shell Injection in Python CLIs",{"path":3252,"title":3253},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis\u002Fcalling-external-commands-safely-with-subprocess","Calling External Commands Safely with subprocess",{"path":3255,"title":3256},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis\u002Fhandling-subprocess-timeouts-and-exit-codes","Handling Subprocess Timeouts and Exit Codes",{"path":3258,"title":3259},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis","Running Subprocesses from Python CLIs",{"path":3261,"title":3262},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis\u002Fstreaming-subprocess-output-in-real-time","Streaming Subprocess Output in Real Time",{"path":3264,"title":3265},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Frunning-subprocesses-from-python-clis\u002Fwrapping-git-and-other-tools-from-a-python-cli","Wrapping git and Other Tools from a Python CLI",{"path":3267,"title":3268},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis","Secrets and Credentials in Python CLIs",{"path":3270,"title":3271},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fprompting-for-passwords-securely","Prompting for Passwords Securely in Python CLIs",{"path":3273,"title":3274},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Freading-secrets-from-env-and-files","Reading Secrets from Env Vars and Files in CLIs",{"path":3276,"title":3277},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fredacting-secrets-from-cli-output-and-logs","Redacting Secrets from CLI Output and Logs",{"path":3279,"title":3280},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fstoring-tokens-with-keyring","Storing CLI Tokens Securely with keyring",{"path":3282,"title":3283},"\u002Fcli-runtime-systems-integration\u002Fsecrets-and-credentials-in-python-clis\u002Fsupporting-multiple-profiles-and-accounts","Supporting Multiple Profiles and Accounts in CLIs",{"path":805,"title":3285},"Python CLI Toolcraft",{"path":3287,"title":3288},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcli-startup-performance-and-lazy-loading\u002Fcaching-expensive-work-between-cli-runs","Caching Expensive Work Between Python CLI Runs",{"path":3290,"title":3291},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcli-startup-performance-and-lazy-loading","CLI Startup Performance and Lazy Loading",{"path":3293,"title":3294},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcli-startup-performance-and-lazy-loading\u002Flazy-loading-subcommands-for-faster-startup","Lazy Loading Subcommands for Faster Startup",{"path":3296,"title":3297},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcli-startup-performance-and-lazy-loading\u002Fprofiling-python-cli-startup-time","Profiling Python CLI Startup Time",{"path":3299,"title":3300},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcli-startup-performance-and-lazy-loading\u002Freducing-cli-dependency-weight","Reducing CLI Dependency Weight",{"path":3302,"title":3303},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse\u002Fargparse-subparsers-for-subcommands","argparse Subparsers for Subcommands",{"path":3305,"title":3306},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse\u002Fargparse-vs-click-vs-typer-comparison","argparse vs Click vs Typer Compared",{"path":3308,"title":3309},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse","Command-Line Parsing with argparse",{"path":3311,"title":3312},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse\u002Fmigrating-from-argparse-to-typer","Migrating from argparse to Typer",{"path":3314,"title":3315},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse\u002Fmutually-exclusive-options-in-argparse","Mutually Exclusive Options in argparse",{"path":3317,"title":3318},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fcommand-line-parsing-with-argparse\u002Fwriting-custom-argparse-actions","Writing Custom argparse Actions in Python",{"path":3001,"title":5},{"path":3321,"title":3322},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Ffollowing-posix-and-gnu-argument-conventions","Following POSIX and GNU Argument Conventions in Python",{"path":3324,"title":3325},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fglobal-options-vs-per-command-options","Global Options vs Per-Command Options in Python CLIs",{"path":3327,"title":3328},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions","Designing CLI Interfaces and Conventions in Python",{"path":3330,"title":3331},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fdesigning-cli-interfaces-and-conventions\u002Fnaming-commands-and-flags-consistently","Naming Commands and Flags Consistently in Python CLIs",{"path":3333,"title":3334},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture","Python CLI Frameworks and Architecture",{"path":3336,"title":3337},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fplugin-architectures-for-extensible-clis\u002Fdiscovering-plugins-with-entry-points","Discovering Plugins with Entry Points in Python CLIs",{"path":3339,"title":3340},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fplugin-architectures-for-extensible-clis\u002Fhook-based-plugins-with-pluggy","Hook-Based Plugins for Python CLIs with pluggy",{"path":3342,"title":3343},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fplugin-architectures-for-extensible-clis","Plugin Architectures for Extensible CLIs",{"path":3345,"title":3346},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fplugin-architectures-for-extensible-clis\u002Fversioning-a-plugin-api","Versioning a Plugin API for a Python CLI",{"path":3348,"title":3349},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fplugin-architectures-for-extensible-clis\u002Fwriting-a-plugin-for-an-existing-cli","Writing a Plugin for an Existing CLI",{"path":3351,"title":3352},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis\u002Fbest-practices-for-python-cli-entry-points","Best practices for Python CLI entry points",{"path":3354,"title":3355},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis\u002Fdependency-injection-patterns-for-cli-commands","Dependency Injection Patterns for CLI Commands",{"path":3357,"title":3358},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis\u002Fhow-to-structure-a-large-python-cli-project","Structuring a Large Python CLI Project",{"path":3360,"title":3361},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis","Structuring Multi-Command Python CLIs",{"path":3363,"title":3364},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis\u002Fsharing-common-options-across-commands","Sharing Common Options Across Python CLI Commands",{"path":3366,"title":3367},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Fstructuring-multi-command-python-clis\u002Fsharing-state-with-click-context-objects","Sharing State with Click Context Objects",{"path":3369,"title":3370},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Fend-to-end-testing-an-installed-cli","End-to-End Testing an Installed Python CLI",{"path":3372,"title":3373},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications","Testing Python CLI Applications",{"path":3375,"title":3376},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Fmeasuring-cli-test-coverage","Measuring CLI Test Coverage",{"path":3378,"title":3379},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Fmocking-filesystem-and-network-in-cli-tests","Mocking the Filesystem and Network in CLI Tests",{"path":3381,"title":3382},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Fproperty-based-testing-cli-arguments-with-hypothesis","Property-Based Testing CLI Arguments with Hypothesis",{"path":3384,"title":3385},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Fsnapshot-testing-cli-output","Snapshot Testing CLI Output",{"path":3387,"title":3388},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Ftesting-click-commands-with-clirunner","Testing Click Commands with CliRunner",{"path":3390,"title":3391},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftesting-python-cli-applications\u002Ftesting-interactive-prompts-and-stdin","Testing Interactive Prompts and stdin",{"path":3393,"title":3394},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each\u002Fbuilding-a-cli-with-subcommands-in-click","Building a CLI with subcommands in Click",{"path":3396,"title":3397},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each\u002Fbuilding-dynamic-commands-in-click","Building Dynamic Commands in Click",{"path":3399,"title":3400},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each\u002Fconverting-a-click-app-to-typer","Converting a Click App to Typer",{"path":3402,"title":3403},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each","Typer vs Click: When to Use Each",{"path":3405,"title":3406},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each\u002Ftyper-callback-functions-explained","Typer callback functions explained",{"path":3408,"title":3409},"\u002Fmodern-python-cli-frameworks-architecture\u002Ftyper-vs-click-when-to-use-each\u002Fusing-annotated-options-in-typer","Using Annotated Options in Typer",{"path":3411,"title":3412},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis\u002Fautomating-releases-from-git-tags","Automating Python CLI Releases from Git Tags",{"path":3414,"title":3415},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis\u002Fcaching-uv-dependencies-in-ci","Caching uv Dependencies in CI for Python CLIs",{"path":3417,"title":3418},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis","CI\u002FCD Pipelines for Python CLIs",{"path":3420,"title":3421},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis\u002Fpublishing-to-pypi-with-trusted-publishing","Publishing a CLI to PyPI with Trusted Publishing",{"path":3423,"title":3424},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis\u002Fsmoke-testing-the-built-wheel-in-ci","Smoke-Testing the Built Wheel of a Python CLI in CI",{"path":3426,"title":3427},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fci-cd-pipelines-for-python-clis\u002Ftesting-a-cli-across-python-versions-with-github-actions","Testing a CLI Across Python Versions in GitHub Actions",{"path":3429,"title":3430},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fcli-project-scaffolding-with-cookiecutter\u002Fbuilding-a-cookiecutter-template-for-typer-clis","Building a Cookiecutter Template for Typer CLIs",{"path":3432,"title":3433},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fcli-project-scaffolding-with-cookiecutter\u002Fcopier-vs-cookiecutter-for-cli-templates","Copier vs Cookiecutter for CLI Templates",{"path":3435,"title":3436},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fcli-project-scaffolding-with-cookiecutter","CLI Project Scaffolding with Cookiecutter",{"path":3438,"title":3439},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fcli-project-scaffolding-with-cookiecutter\u002Fpost-generation-hooks-in-cli-templates","Post-Generation Hooks in Python CLI Templates",{"path":3441,"title":3442},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries\u002Fbuilding-cross-platform-release-binaries-in-ci","Building Cross-Platform Release Binaries in CI",{"path":3444,"title":3445},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries\u002Fbundling-a-python-cli-with-pyinstaller","Bundling a Python CLI with PyInstaller",{"path":3447,"title":3448},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries\u002Fhomebrew-and-scoop-packaging-for-python-clis","Homebrew and Scoop Packaging for Python CLIs",{"path":3450,"title":3451},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries","Distributing CLIs as Standalone Binaries",{"path":3453,"title":3454},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries\u002Fnuitka-vs-pyinstaller-for-python-clis","Nuitka vs PyInstaller for Python CLI Binaries",{"path":3456,"title":3457},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fdistributing-clis-as-standalone-binaries\u002Fshipping-a-cli-as-a-zipapp-with-shiv","Shipping a CLI as a Zipapp with shiv",{"path":3459,"title":3460},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management","Project Setup & Dependency Management",{"path":3462,"title":3463},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Flinting-and-type-checking-cli-code\u002Fconfiguring-ruff-for-a-cli-project","Configuring Ruff for a Python CLI Project",{"path":3465,"title":3466},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Flinting-and-type-checking-cli-code\u002Fenforcing-import-boundaries-in-a-cli-codebase","Enforcing Import Boundaries in a Python CLI Codebase",{"path":3468,"title":3469},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Flinting-and-type-checking-cli-code","Linting and Type-Checking Python CLI Code",{"path":3471,"title":3472},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Flinting-and-type-checking-cli-code\u002Ftype-checking-click-and-typer-code-with-mypy","Type-Checking Click and Typer Code with mypy",{"path":3474,"title":3475},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fmanaging-cli-versioning-changelogs\u002Fautomating-changelogs-with-conventional-commits","Automating Changelogs with Conventional Commits",{"path":3477,"title":3478},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fmanaging-cli-versioning-changelogs\u002Fderiving-versions-from-git-tags-with-hatch-vcs","Deriving CLI Versions from Git Tags with hatch-vcs",{"path":3480,"title":3481},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fmanaging-cli-versioning-changelogs\u002Fexposing-version-info-and-build-metadata","Exposing Version Info and Build Metadata",{"path":3483,"title":3484},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fmanaging-cli-versioning-changelogs","Managing CLI Versioning & Changelogs",{"path":3486,"title":3487},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fmanaging-cli-versioning-changelogs\u002Fsemantic-versioning-policy-for-cli-tools","A Semantic Versioning Policy for CLI Tools",{"path":3489,"title":3490},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution\u002Fbuilding-wheels-and-sdists-for-python-clis","Building Wheels and sdists for Python CLIs",{"path":3492,"title":3493},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution\u002Fbundling-data-files-with-importlib-resources","Bundling Data Files with importlib.resources in CLIs",{"path":3495,"title":3496},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution","Packaging Python CLIs for Distribution",{"path":3498,"title":3499},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution\u002Finstalling-and-distributing-clis-with-pipx","Installing and Distributing CLIs with pipx",{"path":3501,"title":3502},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution\u002Fpublishing-a-python-cli-to-pypi","Publishing a Python CLI to PyPI",{"path":3504,"title":3505},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpackaging-python-clis-for-distribution\u002Fwriting-pyproject-toml-metadata-for-a-cli","Writing pyproject.toml Metadata for a Python CLI",{"path":3507,"title":3508},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpoetry-workflows-for-cli-development","Poetry Workflows for CLI Development",{"path":3510,"title":3511},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpoetry-workflows-for-cli-development\u002Fmigrating-a-cli-from-poetry-to-uv","Migrating a Python CLI from Poetry to uv",{"path":3513,"title":3514},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpoetry-workflows-for-cli-development\u002Fpoetry-dependency-groups-for-cli-tooling","Poetry Dependency Groups for CLI Tooling",{"path":3516,"title":3517},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpoetry-workflows-for-cli-development\u002Fpoetry-entry-points-and-scripts-for-clis","Poetry Entry Points and Scripts for CLIs",{"path":3519,"title":3520},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpre-commit-hooks-for-cli-projects","Pre-commit Hooks for CLI Projects",{"path":3522,"title":3523},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpre-commit-hooks-for-cli-projects\u002Fsetting-up-pre-commit-for-python-cli-repos","Setting up pre-commit for Python CLI repos",{"path":3525,"title":3526},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpre-commit-hooks-for-cli-projects\u002Fshipping-your-cli-as-a-pre-commit-hook","Shipping Your Python CLI as a pre-commit Hook",{"path":3528,"title":3529},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fpre-commit-hooks-for-cli-projects\u002Fwriting-local-pre-commit-hooks-in-python","Writing Local pre-commit Hooks in Python",{"path":3531,"title":3532},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fuv-for-python-cli-dependency-management","uv for Python CLI Dependency Management",{"path":3534,"title":3535},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fuv-for-python-cli-dependency-management\u002Frunning-one-off-cli-scripts-with-uv-run","Running One-Off CLI Scripts with uv run and PEP 723",{"path":3537,"title":3538},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fuv-for-python-cli-dependency-management\u002Fuv-init-vs-poetry-init-for-cli-tools","uv init vs poetry init for CLI tools",{"path":3540,"title":3541},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fuv-for-python-cli-dependency-management\u002Fuv-tool-install-vs-pipx-for-clis","uv tool install vs pipx for CLIs",{"path":3543,"title":3544},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fuv-for-python-cli-dependency-management\u002Fuv-workspaces-for-multi-package-clis","uv Workspaces for Multi-Package Python CLIs",{"path":3546,"title":3547},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fvirtual-environments-isolation-best-practices","Python CLI Env Isolation Best Practices",{"path":3549,"title":3550},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fvirtual-environments-isolation-best-practices\u002Fmanaging-virtual-environments-for-cross-platform-clis","Managing Python CLI Virtual Environments",{"path":3552,"title":3553},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fvirtual-environments-isolation-best-practices\u002Fpinning-the-python-version-for-a-cli","Pinning the Python Version for a CLI",{"path":3555,"title":3556},"\u002Fproject-setup-dependency-management\u002Fvirtual-environments-isolation-best-practices\u002Fsupporting-multiple-python-versions-with-nox","Supporting Multiple Python Versions with nox",1789736907153]